POST-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AFTER PERIODONTAL SURGERY
Keywords:
complications, periodontal surgery, managementAbstract
Complication is a disease or disorder arising as a consequence of another disease. Ideally, there should be no complications after any surgery. But still some complications are avoidable whereas some are inevitable under certain circumstances. From the very basics of scaling and root planning to extensive periodontal procedures like flap surgeries and periodontal plastic procedures, periodontal therapy plays a crucial role in the maintenance of entire dentition. Complications after periodontal surgery mostly includes postoperative pain, bleeding, swelling, root hypersensitivity, delayed healing, trismus, bruising, taste changes. As clinicians, we should be able to diagnose the aetiology and provide the proper management of these complications without causing much of discomfort to the patients. This article aims to provide an overview of probable aetiology and management of these complications.
References
Matthews DC, McCulloch CA. Evaluating patient perceptions as short-term outcomes of periodontal treatment: a comparison of surgical and non-surgical therapy. Journal of Periodontology. 1993; 64:990-997.
Kirmani M, Trivedi H, Bey A, Sharma VK. Post-perative Complications of Periodontal Surgery. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research. 2016; 3(5):1285-6.
Hupp JR. Wound repair. In: Peterson LJ, Ellis E, Hupp JR, Tucker MR. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1998, 58- 60.
Prokopidi ME. Postoperative bleeding after oral surgeries: causes, risk profile of patients and therapy approaches (Doctoral dissertation).
Baab DA, Ammons Jr WF, Selipsky H. Blood loss during periodontal flap surgery. Journal of periodontology. 1977; 48(11):693-8.
Druckman RF, Fowler EB, Breault LG. Post-surgical hemorrhage: formation of a" liver clot" secondary to periodontal plastic surgery. The journal of contemporary dental practice. 2001; 2(2):62-71.
Goodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2003; 90:121-132.
Hofschneider U, Tepper G, Gahleitner A, Ulm C. Assessment of the blood supply to the mental region for reduction of bleeding complications during implant surgery in the inter foramina region. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999; 14:379-383.
Sortino F, Cicciù M. Strategies used to inhibit postoperative swelling following removal of impacted lower third molar. Dental research journal. 2011; 8(4):162.
Akadiri OA, Obiechina AE. Assessment of difficulty in third molar surgery—a systematic review. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2009; 67(4):771-4.
Rajpal J, Arora A, Prasad R, Gupta MM. Preventing postoperative swelling after periodontal surgery. Journal of Oral Research and Review. 2015; 7(1):31.
Elhag M, Coghlan K, Christmas P, Harvey W, Harris M. The anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone and therapeutic ultrasound in oral surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofacial Surgery. 1985; 23:17-23.
Chappi DM, Suresh KV, Patil MR, et al. Comparison of clinical efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase for reduction of postoperative sequelae after lower third molar surgery. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015; 7(2):e197-e202. 10.4317/jced.51868.
Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker MR. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 2008.
Rose LF, Mealey BL, Genco RJ, Cohen DW. Periodontics: Medicine, Surgery, and Implants. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 2004.
Baer PN, Wertheimer FW. A histologic study of the effects of several periodontal dressings on periosteal-covered and denuded bone. J Dent Res. 1961; 40:858-870.
Skaleric U, Petelin M. Causes and treatment of hypersensitivity in tooth root. Zobozdravstveni vestnik. 1989; 44(4-5):113-6.
Cox CF. Etiology and treatment of root hypersensitivity. American journal of dentistry. 1994; 7(5):266-70.
Polson AM. Interrelationship of inflammation and tooth mobility (trauma) in pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Journal of clinical periodontology. 1980; 7(5):351-60.
McEntegart MG, Porterfield JS. Bacteraemia following dental extractions. The Lancet. 1949; 254(6579):596-8.
Okell CC, Elliott TS. Bacteriaemia and oral sepsis with special reference to the aetiology of sub-acute endocarditis. Lancet, 1935, 869-72.
Pippi R. Post-Surgical Clinical Monitoring of Soft Tissue Wound Healing in Periodontal and Implant Surgery. International journal of medical sciences. 2017; 14(8):721.
Dhanrajani PJ, Jonaidel O. Trismus: aetiology, differential diagnosis and treatment. Dental update. 2002; 29(2):88-94.
Klasser GD, Utsman R, Epstein JB. Taste change associated with a dental procedure: case report and review of the literature. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, 2008, 74(5).
Matsuo R, Yamamoto T, Yoshitaka K, Morimoto T. Neural substrates for reflex salivation induced by taste, mechanical, and thermal stimulation of the oral region in decerebrate rats. The Japanese journal of physiology. 1989; 39(3):349-57. Becker DE, Reed KL. Local
anesthetics: review of pharmacological considerations. Anesthesia progress. 2012; 59(2):90-102.
Dabas H, Gandhi G, Thukral H, Saikia J, Bhattacharya M, Bhardwaj D. Recent Advances in Local Anesthesia–A
